Guiren Junior High School was established in 1946 by the Taiwan Provincial Government in response to the request of local residents in Xinfeng. Originally named "Tainan County Xinfeng Junior High School," the first principal was Mr. Zhuang Shaoming. Initially, the school was set up at Guiren Elementary School and moved to a new campus the following year. It gradually developed into a complete high school, renamed "Tainan County Xinfeng High School" in 1968.

Starting in the 1980s, the school underwent multiple leadership changes, with a series of expansions and equipment upgrades. In 1987, it was renamed "County Guiren Junior High School." Throughout the late 1990s and early 2000s, extensive campus renovations and environmental beautification projects were carried out, leading to significant improvements in school operations. The school frequently excelled in national competitions, including music, sports, and science exhibitions.

In 2004, Principal Zheng Yuanren took office and implemented various educational reforms and campus renovation plans, enhancing teaching quality. During the curriculum reform for the nine-year integrated education, regular class grouping was adopted. In 2008, the school achieved outstanding results in national lantern festivals and music competitions. In December 2010, due to the merger of Tainan County and Tainan City into a direct-controlled municipality, the school was renamed "Tainan Municipal Guiren Junior High School."

From 2012 to 2023, under the leadership of Principals Jing Shilong and Huang Junhong, the school received awards for distinctive schools and excellence in teaching from the Ministry of Education. In 2023, Principal Wu Jiazheng took office, promoting directions such as international diversity, excellence in learning, innovation in science and reading, and cooperative care, continuing to cultivate students' abilities in various aspects.